{"id":388,"date":"2023-08-31T15:43:14","date_gmt":"2023-08-31T15:43:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/economidesco.gr\/academic\/?p=388"},"modified":"2024-05-04T12:16:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T12:16:36","slug":"definitions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/economidesco.gr\/academic\/2023\/08\/31\/definitions\/","title":{"rendered":"Definitions"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

Cosmology <\/strong>is the study of the nature, origin, evolution, order, properties and the dynamics of the universe (the Cosmos). Physical and evolutionary cosmology study concepts and configurations of energy. Predominantly, cosmology deals with information and knowledge on the scalar properties of energy<\/strong> like limitation<\/strong> and definition<\/strong>, variation<\/strong>, dimension<\/strong>, mass<\/strong>, motion<\/strong> and information<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

Philosophy<\/strong> is the rational study of general and fundamental questions of the mind, like essence<\/strong> and existence<\/strong> (Ontology), truth<\/strong>and reality<\/strong> (Metaphysics), the right<\/strong> and knowledge<\/strong> (Epistemology), the good<\/strong> and principles, values and conducts<\/strong> (Ethics), the beautiful<\/strong> and norm, harmony, attraction and appreciation<\/strong> (Aesthetics), reason<\/strong> and thought<\/strong> (Logic), sense<\/strong> and emotion<\/strong>(Psychology). For answers on such question philosophy refers to logic and to information and knowledge on the scalar properties of energy<\/strong> and on the scientific principles of their configurations. Philosophy of Science<\/strong> is the rational study of general and fundamental questions about energy<\/strong> and about universal essence<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

Science<\/strong> is the systematic development of information<\/strong> and knowledge<\/strong> about energy<\/strong> and its properties, the universe<\/strong> and its constituents and the relations, organizations and conditions, structures and systems, forms and functions<\/strong>, which they develop. Science studies the scalar<\/strong> properties of energy and its dynamics<\/strong> of power and force at the successive inorganic, organic, biological and human levels of evolution<\/strong>. Science uses logic<\/strong> by way of testable explanations (experiments<\/strong>) and predictions to develop scientific information and knowledge. Science develops in particular, technology, economy and ecology<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

Mathematics<\/strong> is the study and research of the scalar<\/strong> properties of energy<\/strong> at abstract and applied level. Mathematical relations are indicative in calculations<\/strong> and configurations<\/strong>, which are representative and symbolic in numbers, formulas and related structures, systems, forms and functions and geometric spaces, shapes, and volumes. Mathematics deal with the measurements<\/strong> of (energy) relations<\/strong> between entities, quantities and qualities in their organizations<\/strong>, properties and dynamics<\/strong> for variation and change. Mathematical study is based on theoretical proof drawn from pure reason<\/strong> and practical evidence<\/strong> from exercise and experimentation as in physics. The variation of definition in dimension and more specifically between physical accuracy<\/strong> (in space) and probable approximation<\/strong> (in time), is significant in mathematics.<\/p>\r\n

Theoretical <\/strong>P<\/strong>hysics<\/strong> is a branch of physics that studies the scalar properties<\/strong> of energy at the level of dimension, motion, matter and mass<\/strong>. Theoretical physics employ mathematical<\/strong> models and logical abstractions<\/strong> to rationalize, explain and predict energy variations and\u00a0measurements. Further, to provide conceptions<\/strong> and configurations<\/strong> of dimension like in space and time, motion, matter and mass.<\/p>\r\n

Quantum <\/strong>M<\/strong>echanics<\/strong> is the fundamental theory of the properties of energy and matter by approximation<\/strong> and probability<\/strong>, therefore at the scale of low<\/strong>er<\/strong> definition <\/strong>(quantum state). This scale is at the level of atomic particles and below. This means at the levels of subatomic<\/strong> particles, in the main.<\/p>\r\n

Physics<\/strong> is the science of the properties of energy and matter by accuracy<\/strong> and precision<\/strong>, therefore at the scale of higher <\/strong>definition<\/strong> (physical<\/strong> state). This scale is at the level of atomic<\/strong> particles and above. This means at the levels of molecules, compounds and physical entities in solid, liquid and gas states<\/strong> of matter and mass. Physics studies material constituents (particles and entities) of mass, their energy interaction and motion.<\/p>\r\n

Chemistry<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the atomic, molecular and ion<\/strong> level. Chemistry deals with the energy interactions<\/strong> of matter and of the composition of mass<\/strong>. Chemistry studies chemical elements and their interactions (bonds)in the formation of chemical <\/strong>compounds and substances.<\/p>\r\n

Bio-chemistry<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the biochemical (organic<\/strong>) level. Bio-chemistry deals with the energy interactions of biochemical (organic) elements and their strong interactions (bonds<\/strong>) in the formation of biochemical<\/strong>compounds and substances.<\/p>\r\n

Biology<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the biological level. Biology deals with the energy interactions of biological elements and their relations in the organization of biological organisms. At the biological level, energy develops transformative metabolic<\/strong> interactions and cellular reproductions<\/strong>, therefore biology studies the condition of life<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

Medicine<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the human medical<\/strong> level. Medicine deals with the energy interactions<\/strong> of human beings and their relations<\/strong> in the form and function of human organs and systems in the human organization<\/strong>. At the medical level, energy develops transformative metabolic<\/strong> interactions and (cellular) reproductions<\/strong> in human beings, therefore medicine studies the condition of human life<\/strong>. In particular, medicine deals with the practice and care of human physical and mental health<\/strong>. Medicine maintains and restores health by the prevention, treatment and therapy<\/strong> of metabolicinteraction and reproduction, disfunctions<\/strong> and disorders<\/strong> at the biological<\/strong> and cellular<\/strong>, organic and systematic level and of injury<\/strong>, illness<\/strong> and disease<\/strong> at the mind<\/strong> and body<\/strong> level of the human organism<\/strong>. For diagnostics medicine uses medical examinations<\/strong> and tests<\/strong>. For treatment and therapy medicine uses (biochemical) pharmaceuticals or surgery but also other medical devices like physiotherapies, biologics and ionizing radiation.<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/strong>P<\/strong>sychology<\/strong> is the study of the scalar properties of energy at the human mental<\/strong> level. Psychology\u00a0deals with the energy interactions<\/strong> of human beings and their relations<\/strong> in the form and function of the human mind<\/strong>. At the mental level, energy develops transformative neurological metabolic<\/strong> interactions and (<\/strong>cellular<\/strong>)<\/strong> reproductions<\/strong> and neurological information<\/strong> processing in human beings and specifically in the central nervous system (the brain<\/strong>). Therefore, psychology studies the mental state and condition which is emotional<\/strong> (on reflexive probable<\/strong> interactions) and rational<\/strong> (on reflective programmed<\/strong>interactions). In particular, psychology deals with the practice and care of human mental health. Psychology maintains and restores health by the\u00a0prevention, treatment and therapy of mental metabolic interactions and reproductions, disfunctions and disorders at the neurological level and of injury, illness and disease at the mind level of the human organism. For diagnostics in the evaluation, processing and management of neurological information<\/strong>, psychology uses psychological<\/strong> examinations and tests. For treatment psychology uses psychotherapies<\/strong> by way of interaction, communication and education specifically on the (neurological) transformation of sensory<\/strong> actions and motor<\/strong> reactions, the control of motion<\/strong>, the management of time<\/strong>, rational<\/strong> thoughts and emotional<\/strong> feelings and derivative behavioral<\/strong> interactions. Education develops mentality, intelligence and intellect,<\/strong> logic<\/strong> and psychology<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n

Anthropology<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the human level. Anthropology deals with the energy interactions of human beings and their relations<\/strong> in the organization<\/strong> and evolution<\/strong> of human conditions. At the anthropological<\/strong>level, energy develops transformative human and environmental interactions and reproductions depicted in physical<\/strong> traits and ethnical<\/strong> features. Energy develops also human information and communication, depicted in linguistics<\/strong>, <\/strong>cultures,<\/strong> traditions, religions<\/strong>, ethics and morals, rules and laws, in societies, communities, civilizations and in humanity overall.<\/p>\r\n

Sociology<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the social<\/strong> level. Sociology deals with the energy interactions of human beings and their relations in the organization and evolution of social conditions<\/strong>. At the s<\/strong>ociolog<\/strong>ical<\/strong> level, energy develops transformative social interactions and reproductions depicted in society<\/strong> and culture<\/strong>. Sociology studies social order<\/strong> and social change<\/strong>, social norms, forms, functions, systems and structures.<\/p>\r\n

Spirituality<\/strong> is the logic and psychology<\/strong> of the scalar properties of energy at the supernatural<\/strong> intersection (dimension) of physical<\/strong> and quantum<\/strong> states of relative uncertainty<\/strong>. Spirituality deals with cosmic and <\/strong>universal power<\/strong> and by extension of human<\/strong> power at the spiritual<\/strong> level. It refers to psychological faith<\/strong> and ethical sanctity<\/strong> and moral virtue, which are drivers of religion<\/strong> in human civilization<\/strong> and culture<\/strong>. Th<\/strong>eology<\/strong> is the academic study of spirituality, particularly referring to power and dimension in the intersection of the divine<\/strong> and the human<\/strong> element of faith.<\/p>\r\n

History<\/strong> is the study of the scalar properties of energy at the historical<\/strong> level. History deals with the energy interactions of ethnicities, nations, states and alliances<\/strong>, in domestic and foreign relations and in military conditions. At the historical level,energy develops transformative historical interactions and reproductions depicted in historic<\/strong> events which mark the evolution<\/strong> of human civilization<\/strong>. History studies the historic<\/strong> course of national, international and human civilization via the description, examination, question and analysis of past<\/strong> elements and events and of derivative relations, organizations and conditions, the research of records<\/strong> and evidence and the investigation of their patterns<\/strong> of cause and effect. History deals with the course of time<\/strong>and is useful for the cognition<\/strong>\u00a0 of the past, the transformation <\/strong>of the present and prediction<\/strong> of the future.<\/p>\r\n

Informatics<\/strong> is the study of the scalar properties of energy at the information <\/strong>record <\/strong>and management <\/strong>level of data<\/strong>. Informaticsdeal with the energy interactions of human beings and their relations in the organization and evolution of information conditions. At the informative<\/strong> level, energy develops transformative<\/strong> interactions and reproductions. These are depicted in configurations<\/strong>and compositions<\/strong>, which are representative<\/strong> and interpretative<\/strong> of derivative structures, systems, forms and functions, information operations, processes<\/strong> and programs <\/strong>in\u00a0the management of data<\/strong>. Informatics study information and data on entities and events, their qualities and quantities, properties and dynamics (variations<\/strong> and changes<\/strong>). Informatics use signaling, classification<\/strong> and programming<\/strong> of information for the evaluation of real<\/strong> physical<\/strong> accuracy and potential quantum<\/strong> approximation of information dynamics in the course of time. The processing is mathematical and linguistic, mental, electro \u2013 biochemical<\/strong> and neurological, at the level of natural<\/strong> intelligence (NI) and electronic<\/strong> digital (programming) or quantum (probability), at the level of artificial<\/strong> (AI) intelligence. Information theory<\/strong>and philosophy<\/strong>, information science<\/strong>, information technology <\/strong>and systems and computer<\/strong> science, deal with the computation of information and other theoretical or practical information and communication<\/strong> fields. Electronic applications informatics areelectronic digital and quantum computer processing, storage, classification, retrieval of data<\/strong> with operating <\/strong>and software <\/strong>programs, the engineering of computer systems<\/strong> and the management and utility of information and data in digital<\/strong> devices and networks.<\/p>\r\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Linguistics<\/strong> is the study of the scalar properties of energy at the communication and language level. Linguistics deal with the energy interactions of human beings and their relations in the organization and evolution of language<\/strong> and communication<\/strong>conditions. At the communicative<\/strong> level, energy develops transformative communication interactions and reproductions. These are depicted in representative<\/strong> descriptions, definitions and concepts<\/strong> and in derivative structures, systems, forms and functions, in communication operations and programs. Linguistics study language information elements and use it in thought, contemplation and communication<\/strong> and in derivative relations, organizations, conditions, properties and dynamics. Linguistics use signaling<\/strong> and programming<\/strong> in the processing of information which is physical oral and written, or digital electric or electronic. Language theory deals with the scientific study of language and with linguistic communication of information in theoretical and practical fields. In particular, linguistics study the configurations<\/strong> of conceptions and meanings of information<\/strong>(data records) for contemplation and communication. The conceptions are cognitive, <\/strong>interpretative<\/strong> and representative<\/strong>. The configurations are representative<\/strong> signal and symbolic<\/strong>, literary, grammatical, syntactic, arithmetic and mathematical, regular and orderly, formative and structural.<\/p>\r\n

Politics<\/strong> is the science of the scalar properties of energy at the political<\/strong> level (political science). Politics deal with the energy interactions of human beings and their relations<\/strong> in the organization<\/strong> and evolution of political conditions<\/strong>. At the political level,energy develops transformative social interactions, economic transactions and reproductions depicted in political ideology and policy in governance. \u00a0Political science studies political order and political change, political norms, forms, functions, systems and structures. Politics deal with theory of dynamics<\/strong>, the implementation of freedom<\/strong> and the practice of administration<\/strong> and management<\/strong> of power<\/strong> (relations) in human societies. Political cybernetics<\/strong> involve the acquisition and exercise of authority<\/strong> for liberal governance<\/strong> via legislation, regulation and policy<\/strong>.\u00a0 Political power emanates from the expectation of the people for the general, common, individual and collective, public and private good and benefit. The realization of the good and benefit is expected from the delegation of authority to representative legislators for realization of policy, from the conference power for institution of laws, rules and regulations<\/strong> and from the respect of the constitution<\/strong> in the previous two.<\/p>\r\n

Economics<\/strong> is the social science of the scalar properties of energy at the economic<\/strong> level (economic science). Economics deal withthe energy interactions of human beings and their relations<\/strong> in the organization and evolution of economic organizations and conditions. Economics\u00a0deal predominantly with economic efficiency<\/strong> in the management<\/strong> of energy, materials, assets, resources, capital and labor, technological efficacy<\/strong> in the control and utility of instruments, devices, operations and techniques and ecological sustainability<\/strong>in the consumption, utilization and exploitation of natural resources and in the protection of ecosystems and natural environments. At the economic level, energy develops transformative interactions and reproductions depicted in transactions<\/strong> and business enterprises<\/strong>. Economic science studies economic activity and order and economic norms, forms, functions, systems and structures. Free market economics deal with exercise of economic power (relations) in liberal economic systems. Economic cybernetics involve, \u00a0<\/p>\r\n